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Sun's magnetic dance holds key to hot corona mystery

Sun's magnetic dance holds key to hot corona mystery
Why corona is too hot to handle: Indian researchers point to Sun’s magnetic dance - Telegraph India · telegraphindia.com

The Sun has a bright, glowing surface, and around it is a layer of gas called the corona.

Surprisingly, this outer layer is much hotter than the Sun's surface - about a million degrees hot!

That seems strange, because things usually get cooler the farther you get from a fire.

Scientists call this the 'corona mystery.'

Some thought heat might be carried up by waves, while others thought magnetic fields might snap and release energy like rubber bands.

Indian scientists used a special satellite called Aditya-L1 to study the Sun closely.

They found that the waves only provide a tiny part - about 7 per cent - of the energy.

The rest comes from magnetic fields that snap, reconnect, and rearrange themselves.

This helps explain why the Sun's corona is so hot.

The scientists now plan to study more solar eruptions to make sure their discovery is correct.

Key facts

Research institution
Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA), Bengaluru
Observatory
Aditya-L1, launched in 2023
Distance from Earth
About 1.5 million km
Energy from waves
About 7 per cent in eruption regions
Solar surface temperature
About 6,000 degrees
Corona temperature
About 1 million degrees, reaching tens of millions during eruptions
Event studied
Coronal mass ejection in August 2024
Journal
The Astrophysical Journal

Quotes

Dibyendu Nandi

Solar physicist at the Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru

“Physicists have for decades used mathematics and computers to model how the Sun’s magnetic fields store and release energy. What was missing was direct observational evidence of how the energy is actually transferred during such eruptions.”
telegraphindia.com
“This work shows the unique capability of continuous observations with the Aditya‑L1 instrument. Establishing whether the results hold over a statistically significant number of events would be an important future step.”
telegraphindia.com

Sources

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