3 weeks ago
RBI bars banks from disabling mobile devices of defaulting borrowers
The Reserve Bank of India is like the big referee that makes rules for all the banks in India.
It wants to make sure banks treat people fairly.
Now it has made a new rule about phones and laptops.
Sometimes, when people cannot pay back money they borrowed from a bank, the bank wants that money back.
Some banks were locking or disabling people's phones so they could not use them.
The referee says banks cannot do that to collect personal, car, or home loans.
A bank can only disable a device if it gave a loan to buy that exact phone or laptop.
And even then, the bank has to do it step by step and still let you make calls, read messages, and call for help in an emergency.
These new rules will start on January 1, 2027.
The RBI made these rules because borrowers complained that banks were harassing them.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) barred banks from disabling borrowers' mobile phones, tablets, and laptops as a loan recovery tool.
The ban applies to recovery of personal, car, and home loans, except where the lender financed the device itself.
Where device disabling is permitted, banks must adopt a gradual approach and cannot block essential features like incoming calls, SMS, and emergency SOS.
The new regulations will take effect from January 1, 2027, following a draft circular floated in May.
RBI also mandated certification of device-locking technology and limited disclosure of borrower information to recovery agencies.
- Who
- The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and the banks and regulated entities it supervises
- What
- RBI issued regulations barring banks from disabling borrowers' mobile devices as a loan recovery tool, with limited exceptions for lender-financed devices
- Where
- India
- When
- Announced via circular on Thursday; regulations effective from January 1, 2027
- Why
- In response to borrower complaints about harassment during loan recovery, including via social media and the use of abusive language
Key facts
- Regulator
- Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
- Restriction
- Banks cannot disable mobile phones, tablets, or laptops to recover personal, car, or home loans
- Exception
- Loans financing the device itself, with a gradual approach required
- Protected functions
- Incoming calls, SMS, and emergency SOS features
- Effective date
- January 1, 2027
- Background
- Draft norms floated in May; borrower complaints of harassment via social media and abusive language
- Technology certification
- Required from the original equipment manufacturer or operating system platform
- Data sharing
- Borrower/guarantor information disclosure limited to what is needed for recovery duties










