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India's Mushroom Industry Expands Through Small-Scale Controlled Cultivation
Mushrooms can be grown indoors in small spaces instead of needing large farms.
This makes them useful for young people, women, farmers and small businesses.
India’s mushroom production has more than doubled from 2019–20 to 2023–24.
Bihar, Odisha and Maharashtra are among the biggest producers.
Smaller states such as Goa, Haryana and Uttarakhand are also producing significant amounts.
Goa benefits from demand from hotels and restaurants.
The state has also started mushroom training and offers financial support for some production units.
Dr. Sangam Kurade helped develop commercial mushroom-growing systems in Goa.
Farmers still need to manage temperature, cleanliness, mushroom quality and sales carefully.
India’s mushroom production rose from 0.155 million tonnes in 2019–20 to around 0.34 million tonnes in 2023–24.
Bihar led large-state production with 42,000 tonnes, followed by Odisha with nearly 34,600 tonnes and Maharashtra with 33,300 tonnes.
Uttarakhand, Haryana and Goa are among the leading smaller-state producers, with Goa contributing 2.87% of national production.
Goa’s hospitality market, premium consumers and controlled-environment agriculture are creating opportunities for boutique mushroom units.
The Goa government has introduced training and financial assistance to support mushroom cultivation, including up to 40% of eligible infrastructure costs under its horticulture framework.
- Who
- Farmers, rural youth, women entrepreneurs, self-help groups and other producers are involved, with Dr. Sangam Kurade identified as a pioneering mushroom entrepreneur in Goa.
- What
- Mushroom cultivation is expanding in India through controlled-environment, small-scale and commercial production.
- Where
- Across India, including Bihar, Odisha, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Haryana and Goa.
- When
- National production increased from 2019–20 to 2023–24; Goa launched the Mushroom Cultivation Training Programme in May this year.
- Why
- Mushrooms require relatively little land, can be grown indoors throughout the year and have growing demand from hospitality and food markets.
Key facts
- India’s production
- Around 0.34 million tonnes in 2023–24, up from 0.155 million tonnes in 2019–20.
- Leading large state
- Bihar, with 42,000 tonnes.
- Other major producers
- Odisha produced nearly 34,600 tonnes, Maharashtra 33,300 tonnes and Uttar Pradesh 27,000 tonnes.
- Smaller-state production
- Uttarakhand produced 27,000 tonnes, Haryana 24,000 tonnes and Goa contributed 2.87% of national production.
- Goa training initiative
- The Chief Minister’s Kaushalya Path Scheme launched a Mushroom Cultivation Training Programme focused on oyster mushroom cultivation.
- Financial assistance
- Goa’s National Horticulture Mission framework has provided assistance of up to 40% of eligible project costs for mushroom production units.
- Suitable varieties in Goa
- The article identifies oyster and milky mushrooms as varieties suited to Goa’s conditions.
Sources
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