3 weeks ago
Study Uncovers Brain Mechanism Behind Skill Learning Plateaus
Your brain has a special scaffold around its cells called the extracellular matrix.
When you start learning something new, this scaffold loosens up so your brain can change and learn fast.
Then, within about a day, it builds itself back up to lock in what you learned.
As you get better at a skill, the scaffold stops loosening as much.
When it stops completely, it's like your brain says 'learning is finished' and protects what you already know.
This is why you improve quickly at first but then hit a learning plateau.
Scientists at the University of Maryland watched this happen during practice.
When they broke down the scaffold with an enzyme, learning became harder.
Even after a skill was mastered, breaking down the scaffold made performance slip.
The research helps explain why plateaus happen and how the brain protects your skills.
The extracellular matrix (ECM), a scaffold-like structure around brain cells, loosens and rebuilds within about a day during early skill learning.
As a skill is mastered, the ECM rebuilding cycle slows and eventually stops, protecting the learned skill.
University of Maryland researchers, led by assistant professor Melissa Caras, published the study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Disrupting the ECM with an enzyme slowed learning, and breaking it down after mastery caused performance to slip.
The findings show the adult brain's matrix is far more dynamic than previously thought, actively regulating when learning can happen.
- Who
- Researchers at the University of Maryland led by assistant professor of biology Melissa Caras
- What
- A study showing the extracellular matrix around brain cells loosens and rebuilds during learning, explaining rapid skill gains followed by learning plateaus
- Where
- University of Maryland; published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- When
- Recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (exact date not specified in the article)
- Why
- To understand the brain mechanism behind learning plateaus and how the brain regulates and protects learning
Key facts
- Key mechanism
- Extracellular matrix loosening and rebuilding around brain cells
- Learning cycle
- Matrix loosens within hours of practice, rebuilds within about a day
- Senior author
- Melissa Caras, assistant professor of biology, University of Maryland
- Journal
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
- Experiment used
- Enzyme to break down the extracellular matrix
- Key finding
- Adult brain matrix is far more dynamic than previously believed
- Application
- Research is early stage, far from direct human application
- Theory
- Language learning plateaus may reflect brain regions shifting to a stable state
Quotes
Melissa Caras
Assistant professor of biology at the University of Maryland and senior author of the study
“"For the first time, we've been able to see that the remodelling process changes as you gain experience. It happens early in learning, declines and then gradually stops,"”
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