3 weeks ago
Central Banks Double Down as Indian Gold Buyers Turn Selective
Gold is a shiny yellow metal that people and countries keep to store value.
Central banks, which are the banks of countries, are buying a lot of gold right now.
In June alone, they bought 51 tonnes - enough to fill several large trucks.
Poland and China bought the most gold in June.
But regular people in India and China are buying less gold jewellery than they did last year.
The price of gold climbed very high and then came down, which made some buyers more careful.
Even so, gold is still much more expensive than it was a year ago.
Some countries, like Turkey and Russia, sold some of their gold this year.
Gold prices can go up or down depending on wars, oil shipping routes, and interest rates.
Nobody knows for sure whether gold prices will rise again.
Central banks bought 51 tonnes of gold in June, bringing reported net purchases in H1 2026 to 102 tonnes.
Poland led June buying with 19 tonnes, followed by China's 15 tonnes, extending its streak to 20 consecutive months.
India's Q2 gold demand fell 6% year-on-year to 131t, though spending hit a record US$21 billion, up 50%.
Gold trades around $4,200 after peaking at $5,602, pressured by the Iran war and the Strait of Hormuz blockade.
Turkey (83t) and Russia (44t) were the largest year-to-date gold sellers, while India's H1 ETF demand hit a record 24t.
- Who
- The World Gold Council, central banks led by the National Bank of Poland and the People's Bank of China, and Indian consumers and the Reserve Bank of India
- What
- Central banks stepped up gold purchases while Indian jewellery and investment demand moderated, with prices consolidating in a range
- Where
- Global gold markets, with leading buyers in Poland, China, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan and major demand centres in India and China
- When
- June 2026 and the first half of 2026 (H1 2026)
- Why
- Central banks viewed lower prices as a buying opportunity, while Indian demand fell due to a mid-May import duty hike, government policy measures and an austerity appeal
Gold bulls
Gold bears
Gold price outlook
Gold bulls
Proponents believe a structural bull market may be emerging, as suggested by long-term charts and continued central bank accumulation at lower prices.
Gold bears
Prices remain under pressure from the Iran war, the Strait of Hormuz blockade, and gold's negative correlation with interest rates, leaving the future trajectory uncertain.
Central bank versus consumer demand
Gold bulls
Central banks doubling down while prices are in a consolidation zone signals strong institutional conviction that prices will move higher in the medium to long term.
Gold bears
Indian and Chinese consumers turning selective, with jewellery and ETF demand falling, suggests retail buying is cooling after the price rally and import duty hike.
Key facts
- Current gold price
- Around $4,200
- Gold peak price
- $5,602
- Central bank purchases (June 2026)
- 51 tonnes
- Central bank purchases (H1 2026)
- 102 tonnes
- Top H1 buyer
- Poland (82 tonnes)
- Largest year-to-date seller
- Turkey (83 tonnes)
- India Q2 gold demand
- 131 tonnes, down 6% year-on-year
- India Q2 gold spending
- INR 1,979 billion (US$21 billion), up 50% year-on-year











