3 weeks ago

Gen Z's buy-now-pay-later habit fuels unsecured loans: RBI worried

Gen Z's buy-now-pay-later habit fuels unsecured loans: RBI worried
Gen Z’s buy-now, pay-later habit is fuelling unsecured loans. Why RBI is worried · indianexpress.com

Many young people in India are borrowing money to pay for fun things like concerts, trips and shopping, instead of saving up first.

Some start taking loans around age 22, much earlier than their parents or grandparents did.

Because of this, loans used for everyday spending now make up more than half of all the money Indian families owe.

The Reserve Bank of India, the country's money guardian, is worried because some borrowers may not be able to pay the money back.

Lending apps give out many small loans to young customers, and a growing number of these loans are being paid back late.

At the same time, young people love going to concerts, like BTS shows, and traveling to new cities for fun.

One survey found that six in ten young travelers would spend 21 to 40 percent of their monthly income on music trips.

People born after 2000 get their first loan around age 22, often using buy-now-pay-later products.

Some experts say the debts are still small enough not to be a big problem, but the RBI wants to watch closely so people don't get into trouble.

Key facts

Non-housing retail loans share of household debt
58.4% as of March 2026, up from 54.9% in March 2025
Average outstanding debt per borrower
Rs 4.78 lakh as of March-end 2025
Gold jewellery loans outstanding
Rs 4.61 lakh crore as of March 2026, versus Rs 74,738 crore in March 2022
Other personal loans outstanding
Rs 17.32 lakh crore as of March 2026, versus Rs 9.02 lakh crore in March 2022
Gross NPA ratios on retail loans
1.7% unsecured and 0.7% secured at end-March 2026
Fintech small-ticket personal loan share
56.8% market share (loans under Rs 50,000); 6.4% delinquencies
Credit-active population share
About 28%, up from 11% about a decade ago
Credit card debt and delinquencies
Outstanding credit card debt crossed Rs 3 lakh crore; delinquencies up over 40% year-on-year

Quotes

Executive, Credit Bureau

An executive from a credit bureau

“What we need to continuously monitor is that while encouraging credit growth, are we incentivising need-based credit. The other thing is the ability to pay, especially in certain segments such as younger borrowers where the leverage has gone up.”
indianexpress.com

Economist, Unnamed

An economist who did not wish to be named

“The rising credit growth for consumption keeps coming up during discussions among policymakers and the banking sector. It especially drew concern during 2022 and 2023. Even now it is seen as a concern in terms of the rising numbers.”
indianexpress.com

Sources

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