2 weeks ago
How CBI and INTERPOL track cross-border child abuse networks
Police in India have a special team that investigates very serious crimes involving pictures and videos of children being hurt that are shared online.
These crimes are called child sexual exploitation and abuse material, or CSEAM, and they often involve people and evidence spread across many countries.
To catch the people responsible, police agencies in different countries work together and share information through an organization called INTERPOL.
India also joined a special database called ICSE, which helps investigators recognize pictures and videos that may already have been found in another country.
Using this database, Indian police were able to find and arrest suspects in places like Thanjavur, Hisar, and Aizawl.
In June 2025, police in Hisar and Aizawl used tips from Google and the ICSE database together to rescue a child victim.
India built a new online portal called BHARATPOL to make it easier for police departments to ask for international help.
Information from other countries only gives police a starting point, because they still have to gather proof and build a case that holds up in court.
The most important goal is always to find children in danger, protect them, and make sure the people who hurt them face justice.
On 24 September 2022, the CBI raided around 59 locations across 21 Indian States and Union Territories in Operation Megh Chakra, targeting the downloading, circulation and transmission of child sexual exploitation and abuse material (CSEAM).
The Megh Chakra investigation began with information from New Zealand Police that reached INTERPOL's Crime Against Children unit in Singapore before being shared with India.
India joined INTERPOL's International Child Sexual Exploitation (ICSE) database in 2022; ICSE holds about 6.2 million images and videos and has helped identify around 59,400 victims and more than 24,000 offenders worldwide.
Operation Carbon, announced on 16 November 2021, registered 23 cases against 83 accused; together, Carbon and Megh Chakra involved searches at about 138 locations.
In June 2025, arrests in Hisar, Haryana, and Aizawl, Mizoram, showed how Google-generated CyberTipline reports, ICSE data and Indian cyberforensics can converge in a single CSEAM case.
- Who
- The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), India's central investigating agency and National Central Bureau for INTERPOL, with initial information supplied by New Zealand Police via INTERPOL's Crime Against Children unit in Singapore and CyberTipline reports generated by Google.
- What
- Cross-border investigations into networks involved in downloading, circulating and transmitting child sexual exploitation and abuse material (CSEAM), including Operation Megh Chakra and Operation Carbon.
- Where
- Across India, including searches in 21 States and Union Territories and specific locations in Thanjavur district (Tamil Nadu), Hisar (Haryana), Aizawl (Mizoram) and Uttar Pradesh; information originated in New Zealand via INTERPOL's Singapore unit.
- When
- Operation Carbon was announced on 16 November 2021; Operation Megh Chakra raids took place on 24 September 2022; BHARATPOL was launched on 7 January 2025; arrests in Hisar and Aizawl were announced in June 2025.
- Why
- Because online child sexual abuse is inherently transnational, with perpetrators, victims, crime scenes and circulated material potentially spread across different countries, making international police cooperation essential.
Key facts
- Investigating agency
- Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI), India's National Central Bureau for INTERPOL
- Operation Megh Chakra
- Raids on 24 September 2022 at about 59 locations across 21 States and Union Territories
- Operation Carbon
- 23 cases registered against 83 accused; announced on 16 November 2021
- Combined searches
- About 138 locations across States and Union Territories for Carbon and Megh Chakra together (as of March 2023)
- ICSE database
- India joined in 2022; available to investigators from over 72 countries, containing around 6.2 million images and videos
- ICSE global results
- About 59,400 victims and more than 24,000 offenders identified worldwide by September 2025
- BHARATPOL
- CBI-developed portal launched on 7 January 2025; 51 agencies and over 500 unit offices connected by February 2025
- Recent arrests
- Hisar, Haryana (4 June 2025) and Aizawl, Mizoram (June 2025), with material corroborated by ICSE data and Google CyberTipline reports







