7 months ago
Economic Survey Highlights Banking Recovery and IBC Success
The Economic Survey 2026 shows that India's banking sector is doing much better.
The recovery rate for bad loans has almost doubled in seven years.
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) has helped companies and banks by making sure that money is recovered faster and more efficiently.
The survey also talks about how the microfinance sector has grown but warns that too much focus on growth can sometimes hurt the people who take these loans.
The survey suggests that the IBC needs to work faster to clear the backlog of cases.
It also highlights the success of the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana, which has opened many bank accounts for people in rural areas.
The survey also mentions the new Securities Markets Code (SMC) which aims to make the stock market more transparent and fair.
The recovery rate for non-performing assets (NPAs) of Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs) rose from 13.2% in FY18 to 26.2% in FY25.
The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) has helped improve credit discipline and reduce bank bad loans.
The pre-packaged insolvency resolution process (PPIRP) for MSMEs has seen low uptake with only 14 cases admitted in the past four years.
The microfinance sector has expanded rapidly but faces challenges with overleveraged borrowers and the need for better alignment with household welfare.
The Securities Markets Code (SMC) aims to overhaul the regulatory architecture, strengthen investor protection, and support capital formation.
- Who
- Economic Survey 2026, RBI, IBBI, NCLT, Sa-Dhan, MFIN, Sebi
- What
- Improvements in banking sector, asset quality, and IBC effectiveness
- Where
- India, Parliament, INSOL International Conclave 2026
- When
- Thursday (specific date not mentioned)
- Why
- To highlight the success and areas of improvement in the IBC process and banking sector
Key facts
- Recovery Rate
- 94% of the fair value of resolved businesses
- NPA Recovery
- Doubled from 13.2% in FY18 to 26.2% in FY25
- RRB Consolidation
- Reduced from 196 to 28 under One-State-One-RRB policy
- MSME Loans
- Over Rs 3.2 lakh crore processed via digital CAM in 2025
- Microfinance Borrowers
- Doubled from 330 lakh in FY14 to 627 lakh in FY25
- Jan Dhan Accounts
- 55.02 crore opened as of March 2025
- Financial Inclusion Index
- Rise to 67.0 in March 2025 from 64.2 a year earlier
- IBC Case Backlog
- 30,600 cases as of March 2025
- PPIRP Cases
- Only 14 cases admitted in the past four years
Timeline
2025: Govt. scraps CCI nod for IBC debt plans.
Then: Revised IBC speeds up bad loan recovery.
In response: Banks' recovery rate soars in 2025.
2026: Economic Survey hails near-doubling of bad loan recovery.
Quotes
Ravi Mital
Chairperson of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (IBBI)
“There’s a considerable improvement in sales, liquidity, market cap, and employee expenses of companies that were resolved under the IBC. If these companies are showing 50% increase in employee expenses, I think the insolvency system has succeeded.”
financialexpress.com
“When a company goes into insolvency, we do its enterprise valuation. Based on that fair valuation, we have recovered 94%. IBC cannot be held responsible for deterioration (in asset value) for a period when it was not even involved.”
financialexpress.com
Ramalingam Sudhakar
President of National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT)
“IBC acts as a strong deterrent for corporate defaulters. The law works even without constant enforcement due to its strict consequences. Out of around 54,000 cases filed, around 47,000 have already been disposed of. Bank profits have also increased, and RBI considers IBC recoveries as a major factor in financial stability.”
financialexpress.com
“With improved infrastructure and continued stakeholder support, even better results could be achieved.”
financialexpress.com
Bhushan Kumar Sinha
Whole time member of IBBI
“The Code has evolved through several amendments, demonstrating its dynamic and adaptable nature. New resolution frameworks and exit windows have been introduced to make the system more efficient.”
financialexpress.com
Bahram Vakil
Co-founder at AZB & Partners
“For banks, the only dangerous space is unsecured retail loans. We need to work on that. We know that there are infrastructural issues but we should be ready.”
financialexpress.com
Antonia Menezes
Senior financial sector specialist at World Bank
“We are seeing an uptick in consumer debt, and the need for a personal insolvency framework is hugely important at the moment.”
financialexpress.com
Sources
SCBs Improve Recovery Rate in NPAs to 26.2%
IBC is not a recovery tool, its goal is to turn companies productive: IBBI chairperson Ravi Mital
Banking sector shows strong recovery, asset quality improves: Economic Survey
Economic Survey warns growth-driven microfinance may undermine household welfare
Extended insolvency timelines can trigger value erosion: Economic Survey
Economic Survey views Sebi code as blueprint for regulatory reform
Economic Survey flags urgent need for capacity expansion in IBC framework




