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Rabindranath Tagore's Boyhood Himalayan Journey with His Father
When Rabindranath Tagore was a boy of eleven, his father Debendranath took him on a very big adventure.
It was the first time the two of them spent so much time together.
Before they left, Rabindranath went through a special ceremony called upanayan, which marked him as a “grown-up” boy in his community.
Then they rode a train from Calcutta to a quiet place called Shantiniketan, where there were almost no buildings — just red soil and wide-open sky.
Rabindranath said that here he was free to move about as he chose.
Next, they went to Amritsar, where they lived near the beautiful Golden Temple for about a month, and Rabindranath wrote his very first song.
Finally, they climbed high into the mountains at Dalhousie and stayed in a house called Bakrota.
Every morning his father taught him lessons, but he also let Rabindranath explore the mountains all alone with just a staff in his hand.
Rabindranath never forgot that gift of freedom, and it later shaped the school and university he built at Shantiniketan.
In 1873, an 11-year-old Rabindranath Tagore left the family home at Jorasanko in Calcutta by train with his father, Maharshi Debendranath Tagore, on his first major expedition.
After the upanayan ceremony — the sacred-thread investiture marking a Brahmin boy's adulthood — the pair stayed at Shantiniketan, where Tagore was “free to move about as I chose.”
Father and son then spent about a month in Amritsar, Punjab, near the Golden Temple of the Sikhs, where Rabindranath composed his first song at age 11.
In mid-April, they trekked to Dalhousie in the Himalayas, 7,500 feet up, taking a house on the Bakrota hilltop.
At Bakrota, Debendranath supervised his son's lessons in Sanskrit, English and astronomy while letting the boy wander the mountains alone — a freedom Tagore always honoured.
- Who
- Rabindranath Tagore, then aged 11, and his father, Maharshi Debendranath Tagore.
- What
- Tagore's first major expedition — a months-long journey from Calcutta to Shantiniketan, Amritsar and the Himalayas, combining travel, education and spiritual observance.
- Where
- From Jorasanko in Calcutta by train to Bolpur station in Birbhum district (Shantiniketan), then to Amritsar in Punjab, then to Dalhousie at 7,500 feet in the Himalayas, on a railway line Dwarkanath Tagore had once hoped to build.
- When
- 1873, leaving Calcutta on February 14 and heading for the Himalayas in mid-April.
- Why
- Debendranath brought his son along on his travels, giving him lessons, a prime lesson in religious tolerance — Tagore later called Sikhism, Buddhism and Brahmoism reforming movements within Hinduism — and the freedom that shaped his lifelong ideals.
Key facts
- Year of journey
- 1873
- Travellers
- Rabindranath Tagore (age 11) and Maharshi Debendranath Tagore
- Departure
- By train from Calcutta on February 14
- First stop
- Shantiniketan, Bolpur, Birbhum district (land purchased in 1863)
- Second stop
- Amritsar, Punjab — about a month near the Golden Temple
- Himalayan destination
- Dalhousie, at 7,500 feet, house at Bakrota
- First song
- Composed at age 11 in Amritsar
- 1937 letter
- Tagore wrote to Gandhi that Sikh religious practices never hurt his human dignity
Quotes
Rabindranath Tagore
Indian poet, writer, and Nobel laureate.
“I do not find anything in their religious practices and creeds which hurts my human dignity.”
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“I would have needed to rend the skies with a shout to give some idea of How!”
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