3 weeks ago
Congress School Closure Claim vs NITI Aayog Education Data
A political party in India said that nearly 94,000 government schools have closed in the last ten years, and blamed the government for not caring about education.
The number comes from an official report, but the full report tells a bigger story.
Fewer children are being born in India now, so there are fewer kids needing schools.
Many families are also choosing to send their children to private schools instead.
Some small schools with very few students were merged with bigger schools so they could share teachers and facilities.
The total number of schools in India did not drop by 94,000 — only government schools decreased, while private schools increased.
Meanwhile, the number of teachers actually went up, not down.
The report says the real challenge is keeping children in school after Class 8, because many drop out before finishing higher-secondary.
It also warns that closing schools can be harmful if children must travel far, especially girls and kids in remote areas.
So, counting closed schools alone does not tell us whether education is getting better or worse.
Congress claimed on August 3 that about 94,000 government schools were shut in India over the past decade, attacking the Modi government's education record.
NITI Aayog data shows government schools fell from around 11.07 lakh in 2014-15 to 10.13 lakh in 2024-25 (8%), while private schools rose from 2.88 lakh to 3.39 lakh (18%).
Total school numbers declined far less than 94,000, from about 15.16 lakh in 2014-15 to 14.71 lakh in 2024-25, roughly a 45,000 fall.
Overall school enrolment dropped from 26.95 crore to 24.69 crore students, driven by falling fertility rates, demographic shifts, consolidation, and retention challenges.
Teacher numbers increased from about 90 lakh to over one crore, but secondary-level retention remains weak with a 78.7% Gross Enrolment Ratio and 58.4% at higher-secondary.
- Who
- The Congress party, the Narendra Modi government, and NITI Aayog.
- What
- Congress claimed 94,000 government schools closed over a decade; NITI Aayog data attributes the decline to demographics, private-school growth, and school consolidation.
- Where
- India.
- When
- The claim was made on Monday, August 3; the data covers 2014-15 to 2024-25.
- Why
- Congress used the figure to attack the government's education record, while analysis shows structural and demographic changes behind school closures.
Critics of school closures (Congress view)
Government/data-driven view (NITI Aayog analysis)
Meaning of falling government school numbers
Critics of school closures (Congress view)
The closure of around 94,000 government schools reflects the government's failure to provide education and threatens children's access, especially in rural, tribal, and economically weaker areas.
Government/data-driven view (NITI Aayog analysis)
The decline reflects demographic shifts (fewer school-age children), rising private schooling, and deliberate consolidation of low-enrolment schools to pool resources and improve quality.
How to measure education success
Critics of school closures (Congress view)
The number of school closures matters because a government school may be the only accessible institution for children in remote or disadvantaged areas.
Government/data-driven view (NITI Aayog analysis)
Success should be measured by whether children have access to a properly resourced school providing quality education, not by the raw number of schools.
Impact of school consolidation
Critics of school closures (Congress view)
Closures and mergers can force children, especially girls and those in remote or tribal areas, to travel long distances or drop out when the nearest school is shut.
Government/data-driven view (NITI Aayog analysis)
Merging very small schools into larger institutions gives children access to better teachers, classrooms, labs, libraries, and sports facilities while teacher numbers increased nationwide.
Key facts
- Claimed school closures
- ~94,000 government schools over a decade (Congress claim)
- Actual government school decline
- 11.07 lakh (2014-15) to 10.13 lakh (2024-25), an 8% fall
- Private school growth
- 2.88 lakh to 3.39 lakh, an increase of about 18%
- Total schools
- 15.16 lakh (2014-15) to 14.71 lakh (2024-25), a fall of roughly 45,000
- Overall enrolment change
- 26.95 crore to 24.69 crore, a decline of ~2.26 crore (nearly 8%)
- Teacher numbers
- Increased from ~90 lakh to more than one crore
- Secondary-level GER
- 78.7%; higher-secondary falls to 58.4%
- Primary dropout
- Fell from ~4% (2014-15) to 0.3% (2024-25)










