3 weeks ago
Cancer Screening Tests: Which You Need, and Which You Don't
Sometimes, when people go for a health check-up, they are offered lots of blood tests that look for tiny clues called tumor markers.
Some people think these tests can tell us if someone has cancer.
But doctors say these tests were not really made for healthy people who feel fine.
They are much more useful for people who already have cancer or might have it.
If the test comes back a little bit odd, it does not mean the person has cancer.
It might just mean they need more tests and worry for weeks, even though nothing is wrong in the end.
Also, if the test comes back normal, it does not mean there is definitely no cancer.
So sometimes, a test that sounds helpful can actually cause confusion and worry instead of reassurance.
It is a bit like a smoke alarm that goes off when there is no fire.
Health package centres commonly offer panels of tumor markers such as CEA, CA 19-9, CA-125, AFP and PSA.
Most tumor markers were never designed to act as universal cancer screening tests in healthy, symptom-free people.
They are genuinely useful for evaluating suspected cancer, monitoring a known cancer, and checking how well treatment is working.
Mildly abnormal results in healthy people can lead to repeat blood tests, scans, invasive procedures and weeks of anxiety, often with no cancer found.
A normal tumor marker result does not guarantee that cancer is absent.
- Who
- People visiting health package centres and the doctors advising them
- What
- Panels of tumor marker tests are commonly offered, but most were not designed to screen for cancer in healthy, symptom-free people and often create confusion rather than reassurance
- Where
- Not specified in the article; the context is health package centres
- When
- Not specified in the article
- Why
- Mildly abnormal results can trigger unnecessary repeat tests, scans and invasive procedures with no cancer found, while normal results do not rule out cancer
Key facts
- Topic
- Cancer screening tests and tumor markers
- Tests discussed
- CEA, CA 19-9, CA-125, AFP, PSA
- Appropriate uses
- Evaluating suspected cancer, monitoring known cancer, checking treatment effectiveness
- Designed for
- Not designed as universal cancer screening tests in healthy people
- Risk of abnormal result
- Repeat blood tests, scans, invasive procedures and weeks of anxiety, often with no cancer found
- Risk of normal result
- Does not guarantee that cancer is absent
- Key message
- Whole tumor marker panels in symptom-free people tend to create confusion rather than reassurance



