3 weeks ago
Banks Write Off ₹9.95 Lakh Crore as Annual Amount Falls
Banks give money to big companies so they can run their businesses.
Sometimes those companies cannot pay the money back.
When that happens, banks can 'write off' the loan, which means taking it off their records, a bit like cleaning up a messy notebook.
This does not mean the company is forgiven — it still has to pay the money back.
In the last 12 years, Indian banks wrote off loans worth ₹9.95 lakh crore from big industries and service companies.
The yearly amount has been getting smaller, falling to ₹20,485 crore in 2025-26.
The government is also spending more on big public projects like roads and buildings, and the country's deficit has shrunk.
Prices of things we buy rose very slowly last year, which is good for shoppers, and fewer people are without jobs than before.
The government, the Reserve Bank of India and the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) are working to stop online payment scams so people's money is safer.
India's debts to other countries remain manageable because it has enough foreign money saved up.
Banks wrote off loans worth ₹9.95 lakh crore given to large industries and service-sector companies over the past 12 financial years, Parliament was informed on Monday.
Annual write-offs peaked at ₹1,48,753 crore in 2018-19 and declined to ₹20,485 crore in 2025-26.
Minister of State for Finance Pankaj Chaudhary said a loan write-off is only an accounting step that does not cancel the borrower's debt, and recovery proceedings continue.
Outstanding loans to large industries and services rose from ₹63.19 lakh crore in 2024-25 to ₹69.22 lakh crore in 2025-26, according to RBI data.
India's fiscal deficit fell from 9.2% of GDP in 2020-21 to 4.4% in 2025-26, while 5,85,751 digital payment frauds involving ₹3,590.70 crore were detected over the past five financial years.
- Who
- Minister of State for Finance Pankaj Chaudhary informed Parliament, on behalf of Indian banks, the RBI and the government.
- What
- Banks wrote off loans worth ₹9.95 lakh crore given to large industries and service-sector companies over the past 12 financial years, with annual write-offs falling to ₹20,485 crore in 2025-26.
- Where
- India; the report was made in Parliament in New Delhi.
- When
- The information was given to Parliament on Monday; the write-offs span the past 12 financial years up to 2025-26.
- Why
- Banks use write-offs as an accounting step to clean up their balance sheets; borrowers remain responsible for repaying the money and recovery proceedings continue.
Key facts
- Total write-offs (12 years)
- ₹9.95 lakh crore
- Peak annual write-offs
- ₹1,48,753 crore (2018-19)
- Write-offs in 2025-26
- ₹20,485 crore
- Outstanding loans to large industries/services (2025-26)
- ₹69.22 lakh crore, up from ₹63.19 lakh crore
- Fiscal deficit (2025-26)
- 4.4% of GDP, down from 9.2% in 2020-21
- Digital payment frauds (5 financial years)
- 5,85,751 cases involving ₹3,590.70 crore
- Retail inflation (2025-26)
- 2.1%, lowest since 2014-15
- External debt (March 2026)
- USD 762.8 billion, 20.8% of GDP
Quotes
Pankaj Chaudhary
Minister of State for Finance, India
“"Writing off a loan is only an accounting step used by banks to clean up their balance sheets. It does not cancel the borrower’s debt or provide relief to the company."”
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