3 weeks ago
Pakistan's HIV, hepatitis C crises expose failing healthcare system
A report in Pakistan says many people are getting sick with HIV and Hepatitis C, which are very serious diseases.
It says this happens because hospitals and clinics sometimes use dirty needles and don't always check the blood they give to patients.
The report says the government spends very little money on keeping people healthy compared to other things.
Pakistan has more people with Hepatitis C than any other country in the world.
HIV is also spreading fast there, even though most places have fewer new cases.
The person who wrote the report says good doctors and hospitals exist, especially in big cities like Karachi.
But poor areas have crowded clinics, unsafe water and few health workers.
She says the problem isn't figuring out what to do, but making sure people actually do it.
Pakistan needs safe needles, checked blood, clean water and health workers who are properly supported.
The government also needs to make sure rules are followed and people are held responsible when things go wrong.
The Pakistan Economic Survey 2025-26 puts public health expenditure at just 0.8 per cent of GDP in a country of more than 250 million people.
Pakistan has one of the fastest-growing HIV epidemics in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region, even as new HIV cases have fallen worldwide since 2010.
Pakistan now carries the 'world's highest HCV burden' (Hepatitis C), according to Dr Naazir Mahmood's report in The News International.
Unsafe injections, poorly screened blood, inadequate sterilisation and weak regulation are identified as causes of blood-borne infections.
Dr Mahmood argues the difficulty lies in ensuring regulations and programmes are actually implemented, not in discovering what ought to be done.
- Who
- Dr Naazir Mahmood, Dean of the Faculty of Liberal Arts at a private university in Karachi, writing in The News International.
- What
- A report highlighting rising HIV infections and the world's highest Hepatitis C burden linked to unsafe injections, poorly screened blood, inadequate sterilisation and weak regulation in Pakistan's healthcare system.
- Where
- Pakistan, with particular focus on Sindh province and the city of Karachi.
- When
- Based on the Pakistan Economic Survey 2025-26; publication date not specified in the article.
- Why
- Public health expenditure is only 0.8 per cent of GDP, and weak regulation and implementation failure allow unsafe practices to drive blood-borne epidemics, compounded by poverty, poor sanitation and limited access to primary healthcare.
Report's criticism of Pakistan's healthcare system
Pakistan's claims of existing healthcare measures
Adequacy of existing health programmes
Report's criticism of Pakistan's healthcare system
Regulations, programmes, committees and crackdowns have existed, but the real problem is ensuring 'somebody actually does it' - implementation and enforcement have failed.
Pakistan's claims of existing healthcare measures
Pakistan has had regulations, programmes, committees and crackdowns in place, and infrastructure such as the Lady Health Worker programme partly exists, implying steps are being taken.
Government funding and priority
Report's criticism of Pakistan's healthcare system
Public health expenditure of just 0.8 per cent of GDP 'indicates what the state values', showing health is neglected.
Pakistan's claims of existing healthcare measures
The state does fund health to some degree and supports programmes, though the report argues the funding is grossly inadequate.
Accountability for health failures
Report's criticism of Pakistan's healthcare system
Officials should face consequences when systems fail, and data must not be hidden; weak regulation is a root cause of the epidemics.
Pakistan's claims of existing healthcare measures
Regulation and oversight structures nominally exist, but the report contends they are not effectively enforced.
Key facts
- Public health expenditure
- 0.8 per cent of GDP (Pakistan Economic Survey 2025-26)
- Population of Pakistan
- More than 250 million
- HIV epidemic status
- One of the fastest-growing epidemics in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean region
- Hepatitis C burden
- World's highest HCV burden
- Key causes cited
- Unsafe injections, poorly screened blood, inadequate sterilisation, weak regulation
- Global HIV trend
- New cases have substantially fallen worldwide since 2010
- Suggested solutions
- Safe syringes, screened blood, functioning primary healthcare, funded Lady Health Workers, clean water, vaccination and data transparency
Quotes
Dr Naazir Mahmood
Dean of the Faculty of Liberal Arts, private university in Karachi
“The difficulty lies less in discovering what ought to be done than in ensuring that somebody actually does it”
thehansindia.com





