World · Middle East · 3 hrs ago
COP31 in Turkey faces disputes over climate finance and a just transition
COP31 brings countries together in Antalya, Turkey, for UN climate talks beginning on 9 November.
The summit is jointly led by Australia, which is guiding negotiations, and Turkey, which is hosting it.
Countries will discuss how to fund climate action in developing countries, with disagreements over how much developed nations should pay and who else should contribute.
They will also work on a mechanism to support people as economies shift away from fossil fuels, including workers who may need retraining.
Those tasks follow agreements at the 2025 summit in Brazil, but key details remain unsettled.
Delegates are also expected to continue talks on adaptation finance, after nations agreed to triple it for lower-income countries by 2035 without settling the baseline or who would pay.
The talks aim to turn past commitments into practical plans, though recent summits have struggled to agree on stronger action to cut emissions.
COP31 will bring delegates to Antalya, Turkey, from 9 November for two weeks of UN climate negotiations.
The summit is jointly led by Australia, which is leading negotiations, and Turkey, which is hosting the conference.
Key disputes include climate finance for developing countries and how to establish a mechanism for a just transition to a low-carbon economy.
Countries will continue work on commitments made at COP30, including adaptation finance and the just transition mechanism.
The summit takes place amid extreme weather, while global emissions are still not falling and the world is on track for 2.8°C of warming by the end of the century.
- Who
- Delegates from countries and UN negotiating blocs. Australia is leading negotiations and Turkey is hosting.
- What
- COP31, the UN climate negotiations, will address climate finance, a just transition and other climate issues.
- When
- For two weeks starting on 9 November 2026.
- Where
- Antalya, Turkey.
- Why
- Countries are seeking agreement on climate action, including support for developing countries and the shift to a cleaner economy.
Developing countries seeking finance
Developed countries favouring a broader approach
Climate finance
Developing countries seeking finance
Developing countries want more public funding from developed countries under Article 9.1 of the Paris Agreement.
Developed countries favouring a broader approach
Developed countries prefer a broader focus, including improving access to existing finance and broadening the range of donors.
Just transition mechanism
Developing countries seeking finance
Some parties want the mechanism tied to the provision of finance.
Developed countries favouring a broader approach
Other parties disagree about the mechanism’s scope and whether finance should be linked to it.
Nations agreed to establish a practical mechanism to help drive a just transition to a low-carbon economy.
Parties agreed on key aspects of the just transition mechanism, but details and divisions remained.
COP31 is due to begin in Antalya for two weeks of negotiations.
- Venue
- Antalya, Turkey
- Negotiation lead
- Australia
- Host country
- Turkey
- Conference length
- Two weeks starting on 9 November
- Projected warming
- 2.8°C by the end of the century
3 sources
What people are saying
These are all big, kind of chunky areas where you know there will be strong expectation from developing countries and civil society that there is progress made