Archive · 16 Dec 2025
Polygraphs Measure Stress, Not Lies
Polygraphs are machines that try to catch lies by measuring things like heart rate and sweating.
The idea is that lying causes stress, which shows up in these measurements.
But experts say this isn't always true.
Stress can come from lots of things, like anxiety or fear, not just lying.
Some people might lie and not show stress, while others might be truthful but show stress and seem like they're lying.
This makes polygraphs unreliable.
Courts in India don't even allow polygraph results as evidence.
There have been cases where polygraphs got it wrong, like a serial killer passing the test in the US.
So, while polygraphs might seem like a good way to catch lies, they're not foolproof and can be tricked by our bodies' natural responses.
Polygraphs measure physiological responses like heart rate and sweating, assuming these indicate deception.
Experts explain that stress responses can be caused by factors other than lying, such as anxiety or trauma.
Individuals with low blood pressure or calmer autonomic nervous systems may not show stress responses when lying.
Anxious or truthful individuals may fail a polygraph test due to physiological arousal.
Polygraphs are not admissible as evidence in Indian courts, and their results are considered unreliable.
- Who
- Experts, including Dr. M Gokul Reddy and Dr. Jyoti Kapoor, and individuals who have undergone polygraph tests, such as Dakota Johnson
- What
- Polygraphs measure physiological responses to stress, not deception, and are unreliable indicators of lying
- When
- The Supreme Court of India has ruled on the use of polygraphs in 2010 and 2025
- Where
- The discussion and cases mentioned are from India and the US
- Why
- Polygraphs are unreliable because they measure stress responses, which can be caused by factors other than lying, and individuals may pass or fail the test based on their physiological responses, not their honesty
- What polygraphs measure
- Heart rate, blood pressure, breathing patterns, and skin conductance
- Why polygraphs are unreliable
- Stress responses can be caused by factors other than lying, such as anxiety or trauma
- Who may pass a polygraph while lying
- Individuals with low blood pressure, slower heart rates, or calmer autonomic nervous systems
- Who may fail a polygraph while telling the truth
- Anxious or truthful individuals who experience physiological arousal
- Legal status of polygraphs in India
- Results are not admissible as evidence in court
- Cases where polygraphs failed
- Gary Ridgway (US serial killer) passed a polygraph in the 1980s, and polygraph and narco tests were disregarded in the Aarushi Talwar and Nithari killings investigations in India
- Legal requirements for polygraph tests in India
- Must be conducted with the accused's voluntary consent, recorded before a Judicial Magistrate, and with legal representation