Archive · 25 Jul 2025
RBI Hints at Paid UPI Transactions: Free Era May End
Imagine UPI is like a free bus ride, but someone has to pay for the bus, the driver, and the gas.
Right now, the government is paying.
But, the RBI Governor thinks maybe users will have to pay in the future.
This is because the free service puts a lot of stress on the system.
UPI is used a lot - it processes many payments, but the system isn't making money.
It is not yet clear whether users will share the cost.
This change would affect how people pay using their phones.
RBI Governor hints at the potential end of free UPI transactions.
The government currently subsidizes the cost of the UPI infrastructure.
UPI operations strain the backend infrastructure maintained by banks and others.
The zero Merchant Discount Rate policy means UPI transactions generate no revenue.
India leads in fast payments, with UPI processing trillions in transactions monthly.
- Who
- RBI Governor Sanjay Malhotra.
- What
- RBI Governor suggests the end of free UPI transactions.
- When
- At the Financial Express BFSI event.
- Where
- Mumbai
- Why
- To ensure the sustainability of UPI's infrastructure, as it strains from high transaction volumes and lacks revenue generation.
Industry Perspective
Government View
Financial Sustainability
Industry Perspective
Industry players warn the current model is financially unsustainable.
Government View
The government subsidizes banks and stakeholders
- UPI Transactions in June
- 18.39 billion
- Value of Transactions in June
- ₹24.03 lakh crore
- UPI's share of Digital Transactions in India
- 85%
- UPI's share of global real-time payments
- 50%
- MDR on RuPay & BHIM-UPI
- Waived in Dec 2019