Archive · 26 Dec 2025
Indian States Increase Welfare Spending, but Data Shows Gaps
Indian states are spending more money on things like health and education, which is good.
For example, Uttar Pradesh and Maharashtra have increased their spending a lot.
But even though they are spending more, the share of their budgets going to these important areas is actually decreasing in some states like Karnataka.
Also, some health numbers, like the maternal mortality ratio, are getting worse in places like Chhattisgarh and Kerala.
The data we have doesn't always tell the whole story, especially about differences between cities and rural areas.
Experts say we need better data to understand how the money is being used and if it's really helping people.
Indian states have significantly increased their spending on social welfare, health, and education over the years.
Despite increased spending, the proportion of state budgets allocated to social sectors has declined in some states like Karnataka.
Maternal mortality ratios have increased in several states, including Chhattisgarh and Kerala, indicating potential issues in healthcare outcomes.
The RBI handbook's selection of social welfare indicators may not fully capture intra-state disparities in outcomes and access to facilities.
Experts argue for more detailed and disaggregated data to better understand the effectiveness of social sector spending.
- Who
- Indian states, including Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Rajasthan, and Odisha
- What
- Increased spending on social welfare, health, and education, but with varying outcomes and data gaps
- When
- Data spans from 2004-05 to 2024-25, with specific indicators from 2015-17 to 2023
- Where
- Various states across India, with specific mentions of Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, Kerala, Rajasthan, and Odisha
- Why
- To highlight the gaps and disparities in social sector spending and outcomes, and to advocate for more comprehensive data collection and analysis
- Uttar Pradesh Social Sector Expenditure
- Rs 2,87,847 crore (2024-25)
- Maharashtra Social Sector Expenditure
- Rs 2,62,178 crore (2024-25)
- Karnataka Education Spending (2018-19)
- 13.1% of total expenditure
- Karnataka Education Spending (2023-24)
- 11% of total expenditure
- Chhattisgarh Maternal Mortality Ratio (2015-17)
- 141
- Chhattisgarh Maternal Mortality Ratio (2021-23)
- 146
- Kerala Maternal Mortality Ratio (2020-22)
- 18
- Kerala Maternal Mortality Ratio (2021-23)
- 30
- Rajasthan Maternal Mortality Ratio (2020-22)
- 87
- Rajasthan Maternal Mortality Ratio (2021-23)
- 86
- Rajasthan Urban Primary Healthcare Centres Shortfall
- 39%
- Odisha Infant Mortality Ratio (2022)
- 32
- Odisha Infant Mortality Ratio (2023)
- 30
- National Average Maternal Mortality Ratio
- Not specified
- SDG Target for Maternal Mortality Ratio
- 70