Archive · 8 Nov 2025
India's Edible Oil Import Dependency to Remain High: Report
India needs to buy a lot of cooking oil from other countries, and this is expected to continue for a while.
Even though they are buying slightly less this year, around 15.5 million tons compared to the past few years, it's still a large amount.
This is because India doesn't produce enough oilseeds on its own, and a bad planting season could make it harder to grow more next year.
They import about 57% of all the cooking oil they use, like palm, soybean, and sunflower oil.
Recently, the government made it a bit cheaper to import refined oil than crude oil, which helps local oil makers.
Also, the price of palm oil is high right now, so people are buying more soybean oil instead.
Countries like Indonesia and Malaysia, where much of the palm oil comes from, are using more for biofuel and have had production problems, making it harder to get palm oil.
This situation might change later on, but for now, India will keep relying on buying cooking oil from abroad.
India's edible oil import dependency is projected to remain high in the near to medium term.
Total edible oil imports are expected to decline only marginally to around 15.5 MT in the 2024–25 oil year.
Lower kharif acreage may impact domestic oilseed production in the 2025–26 oil year, further contributing to import reliance.
Soybean oil imports are likely to rise significantly due to elevated crude palm oil (CPO) prices.
Global factors like tighter palm oil supplies from Indonesia and Malaysia are influencing import patterns.
- Who
- India (as an importer), India Ratings and Research (Ind-Ra) (reporting firm), Indian Vegetable Oil Producers’ Association (IVOPA)
- What
- India's import dependency on cooking oils is expected to remain high in the near to medium term, with only marginal declines projected in edible oil imports.
- When
- Near to medium term; specifically mentions 2024–25 oil year (November–October), 2025–26 oil year, and relevant policy changes in July 2025 and May 2025.
- Where
- India (importer); Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Ukraine, Russia, Argentina (exporters); Indonesia and Malaysia (major palm oil producers).
- Why
- Lower kharif acreage may impact domestic oilseed production; elevated crude palm oil prices are driving a shift in demand towards soybean oil; global supply constraints for palm oil due to biodiesel mandates and production issues.
Factors Keeping Import Dependency High
Factors Influencing Import Composition and Prices
Import Levels
Factors Keeping Import Dependency High
India's edible oil imports are projected to decline only marginally in the 2024-25 oil year, with import dependency remaining high due to lower kharif acreage impacting domestic oilseed production in the 2025-26 oil year.
Factors Influencing Import Composition and Prices
While overall imports remain high, the composition is shifting, with soybean oil imports likely to rise sharply due to elevated crude palm oil prices, and palm oil imports remaining steady.
Government Policy Impact
Factors Keeping Import Dependency High
The government's duty differential between refined and crude oil has discouraged crude edible oil imports since July 2025, supporting domestic refining margins.
Factors Influencing Import Composition and Prices
A reduction in effective import duty on edible oils in May 2025 (to 16.5% from 27.5%) may influence the overall volume and types of oils imported.
Global Market Influences
Factors Keeping Import Dependency High
Global price behavior, including elevated crude palm oil prices due to tighter supplies from Indonesia and Malaysia (linked to biodiesel mandates and production constraints), has shaped India's import patterns.
Factors Influencing Import Composition and Prices
The softening of crude palm oil prices expected in 2026, coupled with potential increases in biofuel blending in Indonesia, could impact the demand-supply balance and present upside risks to imports in the latter part of the 2025-26 oil year.
- India's Annual Cooking Oil Requirement
- 26–27 million tonne (MT)
- Import Dependency Percentage
- Approximately 57%
- Projected Edible Oil Imports (2024–25)
- Around 15.5 MT
- Edible Oil Imports (2023–24)
- 16 MT
- Edible Oil Imports (2022–23)
- 16.5 MT
- Effective Import Duty Reduction (May 2025)
- From 27.5% to 16.5%
- Palm Oil Imports (Annual Average)
- 7–8 MT
- Soybean Oil Imports Rise
- From 3.5 MT to 5 MT
- Sunflower Oil Imports Rise
- From 2.5 MT to nearly 3.5 MT
Sources
Russian oil discounts widen as Indian and Chinese refiners cut purchases, sources say
Oil slips as investors weigh potential supply glut, weak demand
India moves to refill strategic oil reserves as crude prices expected to rise
Oil heads for another weekly decline as supply concerns mount
Russia-Ukraine war: Energy politics reshape Asia’s crude market after new sanctions
Despite higher discount, Russian crude oil imports by PSU refiners in September 2025, lowest since May 2022
Despite higher discount, Russian crude oil imports by PSU refiners in September 2025, lowest since May 2022