Archive · 17 Nov 2025
RBI's G-Secs Holdings Rise Amidst Government Borrowing and Forex Sales
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has been buying more of the special promises (called government securities) that the government sells to borrow money.
This means the RBI has more of these promises now than it did last year.
Banks have fewer of these promises, but insurance companies have about the same amount.
The government plans to sell a lot of these promises every month for a long time to raise money.
Because there will be so many available, the price or 'yield' of these promises is expected to stay about the same.
At the same time, the RBI has been selling dollars from its foreign money savings to help keep the Indian money (rupee) from losing too much value.
This selling of dollars has taken some money out of the banking system.
RBI's share in outstanding government securities (G-secs) increased to 14.2% in June 2025 from 11.9% in June 2024.
Banks' share in G-secs decreased, while insurance companies' share remained largely unchanged.
The central government plans to borrow around Rs 1 lakh crore monthly until February 2026, with limited borrowing in March.
Bond yields are expected to remain rangebound due to significant supply and competition from State Development Loans (SDLs).
RBI sold $14 billion in foreign currency between June and August 2025, leading to a decrease in forex reserves and liquidity withdrawal.
- Who
- Reserve Bank of India (RBI), State Bank of India (SBI) Securities, Banks, Insurance Companies, 'Others' category (buyers of G-secs), Central Government
- What
- RBI's share in government securities (G-secs) increased, while banks' share decreased. The central government plans significant borrowing, leading to expectations of rangebound bond yields. RBI sold foreign currency, leading to a decrease in forex reserves and liquidity withdrawal.
- When
- June 2024 to June 2025, June to August 2025, continuing government borrowing until February 2026, with reserves declining by October 2025.
- Where
- India
- Why
- RBI's increased G-secs holding for market management, government borrowing plans, competition from State Development Loans (SDLs) affecting bond yields, RBI's forex intervention to curb speculation and defend the rupee, liquidity withdrawal due to forex sales, and potential Open Market Operations (OMOs) to offset liquidity drain.
- RBI's Share in Outstanding G-secs (June 2025)
- 14.2%
- RBI's Share in Outstanding G-secs (June 2024)
- 11.9%
- RBI's Share in Outstanding G-secs (December 2025)
- 10.6%
- Expected Government Monthly Borrowing (Until Feb 2026)
- Rs 1 lakh crore
- RBI Net Sale of Foreign Currency (June-August 2025)
- $14 billion
- Liquidity Withdrawal from Banking System (June-August 2025)
- Rs 1.2 lakh crore
- Total FX Reserves (June 2025)
- $703 billion
- Total FX Reserves (October 2025)
- $690 billion
Sources
The World Bank and IMF may have a point about regulatory gaps in India's financial sector
ECB a game changer in acquisition financing
Toward financing industry
Widening deposit-credit gap needs proactive liquidity management: SBI report
RBI's Share In Outstanding Govt Securities Rises, Bond Yields Likely To Stay Rangebound: SBI Report
RBI's share in outstanding govt securities rises, bond yields likely to stay rangebound: SBI Report