Archive · 20 Jan 2026
China and India lead BRICS in CBDC innovation
China and India are leading the way in using digital money called CBDCs.
China has the biggest system, with transactions worth almost a trillion dollars.
India's system is the second largest and is growing fast, especially because regular people are using it a lot.
Other countries in the BRICS group, like Brazil, South Africa, and Russia, are still catching up.
CBDCs can make payments faster and cheaper, but they also raise questions about privacy and security.
India's approach is special because it focuses on everyday people using digital money, which could help make it even more useful in the future.
China leads global CBDC transactions with $980 billion by 2024, using the mBridge system for cross-border payments.
India's CBDC pilot is the world's second-largest, with $111.8 million in transactions by March 2025, driven by retail demand.
Other BRICS nations like Brazil and South Africa are in early stages, while Russia shows growth but from a smaller base.
India's e₹ transactions grew over 4 times year-on-year, from $26 million in 2024 to $112 million in 2025.
CBDC adoption is rising globally, with 137 countries considering it in 2025, up from 35 in 2020.
- Who
- China, India, and other BRICS nations
- What
- CBDC innovation and adoption
- When
- By 2024 and 2025
- Where
- Globally, with a focus on BRICS nations
- Why
- To settle cross-border trade and improve payment efficiency
- China's CBDC transactions
- $980 billion by 2024
- India's CBDC transactions
- $111.8 million by March 2025
- Russia's e-ruble transactions
- 57,000 in 2024 (up from 17,500 in 2023)
- Countries considering CBDCs
- 137 in 2025 (up from 35 in 2020)
- India's e₹ transaction growth
- 4 times y-o-y, from $26 million in 2024 to $112 million in 2025