Russia’s Hybrid War Tests NATO’s Limits Across Europe

European countries say Russia may be using many different tricks instead of openly attacking them.

These tricks can include computer attacks, fires, drones, spying, sabotage and false information.

This kind of activity is called hybrid warfare.

It is difficult to prove who ordered an attack, which makes it harder for countries to decide how to respond.

European officials believe some actions are meant to frighten countries and reduce their support for Ukraine.

They also worry that Russia is testing how much pressure NATO will accept.

NATO members could respond together if one of them suffered a clear military attack.

Some officials, however, believe Russia is too busy in Ukraine or lacks the ability to directly challenge NATO.