Archive · 17 Sep 2025
Essential Loan Terms: What Borrowers Must Know
Before borrowing money, like for a personal loan, it's important to understand the terms.
The principal is the original amount you borrow.
Interest is the cost of borrowing.
EMI is what you pay monthly.
Loan tenure is how long you have to pay it back.
APR shows the total cost yearly.
You can pay early (prepayment).
Banks charge fees (processing fees).
Sometimes, you can pause payments (moratorium).
You might use something valuable as collateral, like a house.
LTV shows how much you can borrow based on an asset's value.
Understanding these helps you borrow wisely.
Principal is the initial loan amount, excluding interest.
Interest rate is the percentage charged on the principal.
EMI represents the fixed monthly payment including principal and interest.
Loan tenure is the agreed-upon duration for loan repayment.
APR shows the complete cost of borrowing, including interest and fees.
- Who
- Borrowers and lending institutions.
- What
- Important terms to understand before taking a loan.
- When
- Before taking a loan and throughout its repayment.
- Where
- In loan agreements from lending institutions.
- Why
- To avoid financial surprises and understand obligations.
- Principal
- Original loan amount excluding interest
- Interest Rate
- Percentage charged on the principal, can be fixed or floating
- EMI
- Equated Monthly Instalment; includes principal and interest
- Loan Tenure
- Duration agreed for loan repayment
- APR
- Annual Percentage Rate; total cost of borrowing annually
- Prepayment
- Option to repay loan before due date, may have penalties
- Processing Fees
- Charges for loan approval; can be upfront or added to loan
- Moratorium
- Temporary pause in repayments, interest may still accrue
- Collateral
- Asset pledged as security, like property or gold
- Loan-to-Value Ratio
- Loan amount to asset value; impacts loan terms