Archive · 1 Sep 2025
Lumbee Tribe Seeks Federal Recognition Amidst Political and Tribal Disputes
The Lumbee Tribe, the biggest Native American tribe east of the Mississippi, wants the U.S. government to fully recognize them, which would give them the same rights and benefits as other tribes.
Politicians like Donald Trump have supported them.
However, they've faced a long struggle because of questions about their history and identity.
They don't have an agreed-upon origin story, and some other tribes, like the Cherokee, don't think they are a real tribe, partly because they are worried the Lumbee would build a casino and take their money.
The Lumbee Act of 1956 recognized the tribe but denied them the same privileges that most tribes have.
Despite many attempts, full federal recognition has been elusive for over a century.
The Lumbee tribe, seeking full federal recognition, has been historically denied by the government.
Both Donald Trump and Bill Clinton showed support for the Lumbee's recognition efforts.
The Lumbee Act of 1956 recognized the tribe, but excluded them from many federal benefits.
The Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (EBCI) opposes recognition, citing concerns about the Lumbee's legitimacy.
The potential for a Lumbee-operated casino is a key financial factor in the debate.
- Who
- The Lumbee Tribe, the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians (EBCI), and various political figures.
- What
- The Lumbee tribe's ongoing effort to gain full federal recognition, facing opposition from other tribes and historical identity issues.
- When
- Efforts span over 130 years, with recent pushes during the Trump and Biden administrations.
- Where
- Primarily in North Carolina and Washington D.C.
- Why
- The Lumbee seek recognition to access federal benefits and potentially build a casino, while opponents question their legitimacy and fear financial losses.
Lumbee Tribe & Supporters
Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
Federal Recognition
Lumbee Tribe & Supporters
The Lumbee seek full federal recognition for access to benefits and self-determination.
Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
Opposes recognition due to questions of Lumbee identity and potential financial losses from a Lumbee casino.
- Tribe
- Lumbee
- Location
- North Carolina
- Recognition Status
- Not fully recognized
- Key Issue
- Federal Recognition
- Supporters
- Donald Trump, Bill Clinton
- Opponents
- Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians