Archive · 22 Aug 2026
How Baroda’s Art School Took Indian Modernism Global
After India became independent, Hansa Mehta helped create a new art school in Baroda in 1950.
She wanted artists to learn in ways that matched Indian life instead of following old British rules.
Important artists such as N S Bendre, Sankho Chaudhuri and K G Subramanyan helped lead the school.
Teachers and students experimented with many different kinds of art.
They explored modern ideas while also using Indian traditions and materials.
Some artists also made work about social, economic and political issues.
Many students later became teachers and influenced art education across India.
A new exhibition in New Delhi shows more than 200 works connected to the school.
It explains how Baroda helped Indian art become known both in India and around the world.
Hansa Mehta established the Faculty of Fine Arts at Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1950.
The school was designed to move beyond restrictive British-era art education and reflect Indian society.
Artists N S Bendre, Sankho Chaudhuri and K G Subramanyan helped shape its influential teaching model.
Baroda became a center for experimental art, modernism and engagement with India’s social and political realities.
The exhibition Freedom to Form: Baroda Modern presents more than 200 works at DAG in New Delhi.
- Who
- Hansa Mehta, the Faculty of Fine Arts, its teachers and students, and artists associated with Baroda.
- What
- The Faculty of Fine Arts transformed Indian art education and helped develop modern and experimental Indian art.
- When
- The faculty was founded in 1950; the exhibition opened on August 22 and runs until October 3.
- Where
- At Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in Gujarat, with the exhibition at DAG in New Delhi.
- Why
- Mehta wanted to create an art school free from outdated British-era teaching and connected to Indian society.
- University
- Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda was created in 1949 from Baroda College, founded in 1881.
- Art faculty founded
- The Faculty of Fine Arts was established in 1950.
- Founder
- Hansa Mehta, the university’s first Vice-Chancellor, planned the art school.
- Early leaders
- N S Bendre and Sankho Chaudhuri were brought in to lead the faculty, with K G Subramanyan joining soon afterward.
- Exhibition
- Freedom to Form: Baroda Modern examines the institution through works by its students and teachers.
- Number of works
- The exhibition includes more than 200 works across multiple media.
- Exhibition venue
- The exhibition is being held at DAG, formerly Delhi Art Gallery, in New Delhi.