Archive · 18 Sep 2026
Educational Institutions Face Big Challenge Building Critical Thinking Skills
Critical thinking means carefully examining information before deciding what to believe or do.
It helps people ask questions, check evidence, and notice when information may be biased or unreliable.
Teachers can improve it by reflecting on their lessons and studying what helps students learn.
Students can practise it through debates, projects, investigations, and real-world problems.
They can also compare different explanations instead of accepting the first answer.
Technology and artificial intelligence can provide useful learning tools and information.
However, students must check whether online information is trustworthy and use AI responsibly.
Schools may need to change teaching methods and exams so that questioning and reasoning matter more than memorising.
The goal is to help teachers and students become independent, thoughtful, and responsible learners.
Critical thinking helps students and teachers evaluate evidence, identify bias, solve problems, and make informed decisions.
The approach supports National Education Policy 2020 goals of inquiry-based, experiential, multidisciplinary, and learner-centred education.
Teachers can develop critical thinking through reflective teaching, action research, collaboration, faculty training, and data-informed decisions.
Students can strengthen reasoning through questioning, problem-based learning, case studies, debates, projects, inquiry, and authentic assessment.
Memorisation-focused exams, overloaded curricula, large classes, limited interaction, inadequate training, and misinformation remain significant barriers.
- Who
- Teachers and students in educational institutions, particularly higher education, are the focus; the articles were written by Dr A K Sen Gupta.
- What
- The articles explain the importance of critical thinking and recommend ways to develop it among teachers and students.
- When
- The discussion is framed in the context of the twenty-first century and National Education Policy 2020.
- Where
- Educational institutions, especially higher-education settings.
- Why
- Rapid technological change, artificial intelligence, abundant information, misinformation, and complex societal challenges require evidence-based reasoning and informed decisions.
- Definition
- Critical thinking is the process of conceptualising, analysing, interpreting, evaluating, and synthesising information to reach reasoned conclusions.
- Policy connection
- Critical thinking is aligned with National Education Policy 2020 and its emphasis on inquiry-based, experiential, multidisciplinary, and learner-centred education.
- Teacher methods
- Recommended approaches include reflective teaching, action research, professional learning communities, questioning assumptions, data-informed decisions, and faculty development.
- Student methods
- Suggested techniques include Socratic questioning, problem-based learning, case studies, debates, projects, inquiry, concept mapping, reflective writing, and authentic assessment.
- Technology
- Artificial intelligence, virtual laboratories, simulations, digital libraries, collaborative platforms, and data visualisation can support critical thinking when used responsibly.
- Barriers
- Memorisation-focused examinations, overloaded curricula, large classes, limited interaction, insufficient teacher training, fear of questioning authority, and weak interdisciplinary opportunities hinder progress.
- Institutional response
- The articles call for curriculum redesign, institutional support, learner-centred pedagogy, and the integration of critical thinking into teaching, assessment, and faculty development.