Archive · 18 Sep 2025
Cloudburst Confusion: Disagreement Hinders Accurate Disaster Response
News reports often mention cloudbursts causing heavy rain and damage in the Himalayas.
However, the weather department and disaster management teams disagree on what counts as a cloudburst.
The weather department says it’s when over 100 mm of rain falls in an hour.
Disaster management teams often rely on their staff's judgment.
Experts worry this confusion makes it harder to prepare for disasters and could let authorities avoid responsibility.
Improving monitoring and creating a single, clear definition is needed.
Reports of cloudbursts causing damage in the Himalayas are common, but there is no consensus on definition.
The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) defines cloudbursts as over 100 mm of rainfall in an hour.
Disaster management authorities rely on field staff's judgment, lacking standardized measurement.
Experts criticize inconsistent definitions, hindering accurate assessment and response.
Improved monitoring and a single comprehensive definition are needed for better disaster preparedness.
- Who
- IMD, Disaster Management Authorities, Field Staff, Experts
- What
- Disagreement over the definition of cloudburst events and its impact on disaster management.
- When
- Ongoing; specifically during monsoon season.
- Where
- Himalayan Region, including Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand.
- Why
- Inconsistent definitions and inadequate monitoring hinder accurate assessment and effective response to heavy rainfall events.
IMD Approach
Disaster Management Approach
Definition of Cloudburst
IMD Approach
Uses precise rainfall measurements.
Disaster Management Approach
Relies on observations from field staff, lacks precision.
Monitoring Capabilities
IMD Approach
Limited by lack of weather stations and manual recording.
Disaster Management Approach
Capacity depends on field staff; likely inaccurate
Accuracy of Assessment
IMD Approach
More objective, but could miss localized events.
Disaster Management Approach
Less precise, prone to inaccurate event identification.
- IMD Cloudburst Definition
- 100 mm rainfall in one hour
- State Disaster Management Definition
- Discretion of field staff
- Observed Cloudbursts (Himachal Pradesh)
- 17 between June-September 17
- Automated Weather Stations (Himachal)
- 22 as of 2022
- Automated Weather Stations (Uttarakhand)
- 25 as of 2022