Archive · 1 Jul 2025
Understanding the US Estate Tax: Key Facts and Figures
The estate tax is a tax on the value of a person's assets when they die, paid before the assets go to their heirs.
It's different from an inheritance tax, which the heirs pay.
In 2024, the federal estate tax applies to estates worth over $13.61 million.
If a tax bill from Trump passes, the amount exempt from the tax could increase permanently.
The tax rate increases as the estate's value increases.
Some states also have their own estate taxes.
It's a complex issue, and the rules can change.
Estate tax applies to the value of a deceased person's assets before distribution to heirs.
The federal estate tax exemption is $13.61 million in 2024, rising to $13.99 million in 2025.
If Trump's tax bill passes, exemptions could increase permanently, changing who owes the tax.
Federal estate tax rates range from 18% to 40% based on the amount exceeding the exemption.
Certain states also have estate taxes in addition to the federal tax.
- Who
- The estate tax applies to estates valued above a certain threshold. The estate itself pays the tax.
- What
- Estate tax, a tax on the value of a deceased person's assets.
- When
- The federal estate tax is applicable as of 2024. Exemptions and rates may change in the future.
- Where
- Federal estate tax applies nationwide; certain states also have their own estate taxes.
- Why
- To generate government revenue from large estates.
Current Exemption Thresholds
Potential for Changes
Tax Thresholds
Current Exemption Thresholds
Under the current regulations, estates valued over $13.61 million in 2024 are subject to the federal estate tax. This threshold is set to increase to $13.99 million in 2025.
Potential for Changes
If Trump's tax bill is passed, the exemptions could increase permanently, shifting who owes the federal estate tax.
- Tax Type
- Estate Tax (Federal and State)
- 2024 Federal Exemption
- $13.61 million
- 2025 Federal Exemption
- $13.99 million
- Federal Tax Rate
- 18% to 40% (on amounts exceeding exemption)
- Paid By
- Estate (before distribution)
- State Tax
- Some states have additional estate taxes