Archive · 9 Dec 2025
Satellite Misses Most Punjab, Haryana Fires
A new report says that most big farm fires in Punjab and Haryana are happening in the late afternoon, which means the government's satellites can't see them.
These satellites only look at India between 10:30 am and 1:30 pm.
This means the government doesn't know about most of the fires, which makes the air in Delhi worse.
The report also says that even though farmers are burning less land now, there's still a lot of burning happening.
The report wants the government to use better ways to watch for fires and to include data from more states.
The Supreme Court is also looking into this issue because the number of fires detected by satellites doesn't match what's actually happening on the ground.
Over 90% of large farm fires in Punjab and Haryana are escaping official detection due to late-afternoon burning.
Current satellite monitoring only observes India between 10:30 am and 1:30 pm, missing most fires.
Burnt areas in Punjab and Haryana have reduced by 25-35% in recent years, but still contribute significantly to air pollution.
The report recommends reforming the national monitoring system to include burnt-area data and geostationary observations.
Stubble burning is increasing in states like Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, emerging as new hotspots.
- Who
- Farmers in Punjab and Haryana
- What
- Shifting stubble burning to late afternoon, evading satellite detection
- When
- 2024 and 2025
- Where
- Punjab and Haryana
- Why
- To avoid detection and potential penalties, leading to underestimation of emissions and air pollution
- Primary Category
- ENVIRONMENT
- Secondary Category
- Agriculture
- Tertiary Category
- Stubble Burning
- Quaternary Category
- Satellite Monitoring
- Report Released By
- International Forum for Environment, Sustainability and Technology (iFOREST)
- Date of Report Release
- Monday
- Percentage of Fires Missed
- Over 90%
- Time Window of Satellite Observation
- 10:30 am to 1:30 pm
- Reduction in Burnt Area in Punjab (2022-2025)
- 37%
- Reduction in Burnt Area in Haryana (2019-2025)
- 25-35%
Sources
Late-afternoon fires in Punjab and Haryana expose gaps in India’s stubble-burning surveillance: Report
Most stubble fires in Punjab and Haryana now happen after 3 pm to bypass satellite tracking
Satellite-based tracking underreports stubble burning in Punjab, Haryana: Study
Farm Fires Didn't End, They Just Moved To Afternoon: Satellite Data Analysis