Archive · 6 Nov 2025
Major Central Banks Nearing End of Policy Easing Cycles
Imagine money is like a gas pedal for the economy.
Central banks, like the people in charge of the car, can press the pedal to make things go faster (lower interest rates) or ease off to slow things down (raise interest rates).
This week, many big central banks decided to stop pressing the gas pedal, or at least ease up a lot.
Some, like in Australia and Norway, kept their foot steady because they are worried about prices going up too fast.
Others, like in the US and UK, did press the pedal a little recently but are now being more careful about how much more they should push it.
This means they think the economy might be stable enough for now.
A few, like in Canada, had already pushed the pedal down quite a bit to help a slowing economy, and they think they're done easing for now.
Only Japan seems to be thinking about pushing the gas pedal harder, which is unusual.
Several major central banks, including those in Australia, Sweden, and Norway, held interest rates steady this week.
The Bank of England also held rates unchanged but indicated a possibility of a December cut.
The US Federal Reserve's recent rate cut was met with some dissent, and strong data has reduced expectations for a December cut.
Central banks in Canada and New Zealand have eased policy more aggressively but may be nearing the end of their cutting cycles.
The Bank of Japan is an outlier, being the only central bank currently in hiking mode, while others signal a pause or end to easing.
- Who
- Major central banks including the Bank of England, US Federal Reserve, Reserve Bank of Australia, Riksbank (Sweden), Norges Bank (Norway), Bank of Canada, and ECB.
- What
- Holding interest rates steady or signaling the end of easing cycles, with some exceptions due to specific economic conditions.
- When
- Following recent meetings this week and last week.
- Where
- Global central banks in developed economies.
- Why
- Concerns about inflation, economic slowdowns, and the need to balance growth with price stability.
Support for Further Easing
Caution Against Further Easing
Bank of England Rate Decision
Support for Further Easing
Four policymakers voted for a rate cut, seeing greater risk of weaker demand and diminished risk of high inflation.
Caution Against Further Easing
Five policymakers voted to hold rates steady, signaling a close decision and potential for future cuts dependent on economic outlook and budget announcement.
US Federal Reserve Rate Dissent
Support for Further Easing
One dissenter called for a deeper reduction in rates.
Caution Against Further Easing
Another dissenter favored no cut due to inflation being above target.
Australian Inflation and Housing Market
Support for Further Easing
The Reserve Bank of Australia is cautious about easing further, considering the potential for lower inflation.
Caution Against Further Easing
The RBA left rates steady, citing uncomfortably hot third-quarter inflation, firmer consumer demand, and a revival in the housing market.
- Bank of England Policy Rate
- 4%
- Bank of Canada Policy Rate
- 2.25%
- Riksbank (Sweden) Policy Rate
- 1.75%
- Reserve Bank of New Zealand Policy Rate
- 2.5%
- ECB Deposit Rate
- 2%
- US Federal Reserve Rate Cut
- 25 bps
- Reserve Bank of Australia Cash Rate
- 3.60%
- Norges Bank (Norway) Key Rate
- 4%