Archive · 27 Jan 2026
Tata Elxsi's Brink of Collapse and India's Manufacturing Decline
Tata Elxsi, a company within the Tata Group, was almost shut down in the early 1990s because it was losing a lot of money.
Ratan Tata, who cared deeply about the company, was very worried.
A new CEO named S Devarajan took charge and turned things around.
The company started doing well again and became important globally.
Around the same time, India stopped making many electronic products because it was cheaper to import them.
This happened because when India opened up its economy, companies from other countries like Taiwan and Japan could sell their products more cheaply.
Now, India is trying to make its own electronics and semiconductors again, but it's a slow process.
Tata Elxsi was on the brink of collapse in the early 1990s with significant financial losses.
Ratan Tata, a key investor, was visibly worried about the company's future.
S Devarajan, the then CEO, led a successful turnaround, transforming Tata Elxsi into a global firm.
India's hardware manufacturing declined post-liberalization due to cheaper imports from East Asia.
Lack of technology transfer from multinationals and focus on global markets hindered domestic growth.
- Who
- Tata Elxsi, Ratan Tata, S Devarajan
- What
- Tata Elxsi's near-collapse and turnaround, India's loss of hardware manufacturing leadership
- When
- Early 1990s
- Where
- India, Singapore, Silicon Valley
- Why
- Financial struggles, lack of technology transfer, liberalization policies
- Company
- Tata Elxsi
- Founded
- 1979
- CEO during crisis
- S Devarajan (1996-2001)
- Key Investor
- Ratan Tata
- Industry
- Engineering and Design Services
- Current Status
- Global firm
- Semiconductor Complex
- Chandigarh
- Electronic Products Innovation Consortium
- EPIC