UPSC Practice Examines Urbanisation, Migration and India’s Demographic Dividend

This UPSC practice set discusses two important changes happening in the world.

First, Indian cities are growing quickly, which creates more traffic, construction dust, air pollution and garbage.

Poor waste collection can cause rubbish to pile up or be burned, creating more pollution.

Cities need better public transport, dust control, waste systems and protected green spaces.

Second, many richer countries have fewer young workers and more elderly people.

India has a large young population that could work in those countries.

To benefit, Indian workers need skills, language abilities and safe legal pathways to migrate.

India must also create enough jobs at home so its young population becomes an advantage rather than a problem.