Archive · 2 Jul 2025
NHAI's Road Asset Monetization: TOT and InvIT Models
Imagine the government builds roads (like toys).
To pay for them and build more, they sell them to investors.
Two main ways: TOT and InvIT.
TOT is like selling the road directly.
InvIT is like putting multiple roads into a big box (a trust), making it easier for investors to buy a piece of all the roads together.
Both are good because they bring in money and let different investors participate.
The government wants both methods to keep working because they attract different groups of investors and help the building of more roads.
NHAI uses Toll-Operate-Transfer (TOT) and Infrastructure Investment Trust (InvIT) models to monetize road assets.
TOT has awarded 11 bundles for approximately Rs 49,000 crore since FY17-18.
InvIT model has raised `43,638 crore from FY22 onwards.
Investors show significant interest in the Indian highway sector through InvITs.
InvITs and TOT models are preferred by financial investors for operational highway projects.
- Who
- NHAI, investors, and developers.
- What
- NHAI uses TOT and InvIT models to monetize road assets.
- When
- The TOT model has been used since FY17-18 and InvIT model from FY22.
- Where
- India
- Why
- To unlock the value of existing road assets and attract diverse pools of capital.
Financial Investors
Developers
Model Preferences
Financial Investors
Prefer InvIT/TOT models.
Developers
Developers prefer BOOT/HAM models.
- TOT Awarded Value (approx.)
- Rs 49,000 crore
- InvIT Raised Value (approx.)
- `43,638 crore
- InvITs focus
- Toll projects with 20-30 years concession
- InvIT investors
- Institutional and retail investors
- TOT Model
- Toll-Operate-Transfer