Archive · 11 Sep 2026
Delhi Infertility Evaluation Reveals PMDS, Uterus And Undescended Testes
Doctors in Delhi examined a man who was having trouble becoming a father.
Tests showed that he had no sperm in his semen and that both testes were inside his abdomen.
Scans also found a uterus and tube-like structures inside his body.
He had XY chromosomes and typical male external features.
Doctors said the findings were consistent with a very rare condition called Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome.
This condition begins before birth when certain reproductive structures do not disappear as they usually do in male development.
The testes were badly damaged because they had stayed inside the abdomen for a long time.
Doctors removed the unusual structures and testes because of health and possible cancer risks, although reports differed about the exact tissue findings.
A 24- or 26-year-old man seeking infertility treatment in Delhi was diagnosed with suspected Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome.
Imaging found a well-formed or underdeveloped uterus, fallopian-tube-like structures, and both testes inside the abdomen.
The patient had typical male external features, a 46,XY chromosome pattern, and azoospermia, meaning no sperm in his semen.
Laparoscopic surgery removed the Müllerian structures and both severely damaged, undescended testes because of long-term health risks.
Pathology reports agreed the testes were severely atrophied but differed on the findings, citing either GCNIS or slight features suggestive of malignancy.
- Who
- A man reported as 24 or 26 years old, treated by doctors including Dr Susheel Kharbanda and Dr Chirag Bhandari.
- What
- He was diagnosed with suspected Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome involving retained Müllerian structures, undescended testes, and azoospermia.
- When
- The condition was discovered in adulthood during an infertility evaluation; the reports do not provide a specific date.
- Where
- RG Hospitals in Rajouri Garden, New Delhi.
- Why
- Infertility and absent testes on physical examination prompted imaging, chromosome testing, and further investigation; the undescended testes also raised concerns about damage and future cancer risk.
Fertility-preserving perspective
Risk-reduction perspective
Potential fertility options
Fertility-preserving perspective
Experts said PMDS does not automatically mean a person cannot father a child; if viable sperm are present in the testes, direct sperm extraction and assisted reproduction such as IVF or ICSI may be considered.
Risk-reduction perspective
In this case, the testes were severely atrophied, and semen analysis found no sperm, limiting the reported fertility prospects.
Management of undescended testes
Fertility-preserving perspective
Where clinically appropriate, doctors may consider the patient's fertility goals and whether viable sperm can be preserved before removing the testes.
Risk-reduction perspective
The surgical team removed both abdominal testes because long-standing undescended testes can impair fertility and carry an increased risk of testicular cancer; tissue examination also found concerning changes.
- Condition
- Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome, a rare congenital condition in which Müllerian structures remain in a person with a 46,XY pattern and typical male external development.
- Reported age
- The reports describe the patient as either 24 or 26 years old.
- Fertility finding
- Semen analysis showed azoospermia, meaning no sperm were detected.
- Imaging
- Ultrasound and MRI showed a uterus or uterus-like structure, fallopian-tube-like structures, and both testes inside the abdomen.
- Chromosomes
- Genetic testing showed a 46,XY chromosome pattern.
- Treatment
- Laparoscopic surgery removed the Müllerian structures and both severely damaged, undescended testes.
- Pathology and rarity
- Both testes were severely atrophied; reports differed between identifying GCNIS and describing slight features suggestive of malignancy. One report said fewer than 300 PMDS cases have been reported.
