Archive · 25 Aug 2026
India Studies Health Risks From Railway Noise Exposure
Many families in India live close to railway tracks and hear trains passing, sometimes during the night.
Researchers in Delhi measured the sound near several settlements.
They found that train noise was higher than India’s recommended residential limits at every monitored site.
Freight trains were the loudest, reaching about 100 decibels on average.
Diesel trains were generally louder than electric trains.
Loud noise can interrupt sleep, even when it does not completely wake someone up.
Poor sleep and long-term noise exposure are linked by health guidelines to several possible health problems.
People near tracks may also feel vibrations from trains shaking their homes.
Researchers say India should measure noise at night, listen to residents and use quieter tracks, barriers and better insulation where needed.
Delhi Technological University studies found railway noise exceeded residential limits at all monitored sites.
A 2025 study recorded 1,057 train pass-bys across 14 informal settlements near Delhi.
Freight trains averaged about 100 decibels, while diesel locomotives were louder than electric ones.
Researchers linked prolonged environmental noise with sleep disruption and potential cardiovascular, metabolic, cognitive and mental-health effects.
Suggested responses include quieter rail engineering, night-time monitoring, barriers, improved insulation and community-based assessments.
- Who
- Researchers from Delhi Technological University and the CSIR-Central Road Research Institute studied railway noise affecting communities near Delhi’s tracks.
- What
- The studies measured train noise and examined concerns about sleep disruption, vibration and possible long-term health effects.
- When
- The initial study was conducted in 2024, the follow-up in 2025, and the related report was published on 29 July 2026.
- Where
- The research covered railway areas near Delhi, including 14 informal settlements and 10 sites near railway stations.
- Why
- The research aims to document exposure and help guide measures to reduce noise and vibration for people living beside railway corridors.
- Train pass-bys measured
- 1,057 across 14 informal settlements in the 2025 study
- Residential sites studied in 2024
- 10 sites near Delhi railway stations
- Freight-train noise
- About 100 decibels on average
- CPCB residential limits
- 55 dB during the day and 45 dB at night
- WHO railway-noise guidelines
- Below 54 dB during the day and 44 dB at night
- Reported health concern
- Disturbed sleep was the most common complaint among surveyed residents
- Potential interventions
- Long-welded rails, rail grinding, improved braking materials, noise barriers, monitoring and building insulation