Archive · 3 Dec 2025
Congo's cobalt export controls risk supply shock
The Democratic Republic of Congo, which supplies most of the world's cobalt, has been controlling its exports.
They first stopped exports completely and then introduced a quota system.
This has led to higher cobalt prices, but it's also causing problems for the supply chain, especially in China.
China needs cobalt to make batteries for electric vehicles, but the delays in exports are making it harder for them to get the material they need.
At the same time, the demand for cobalt in electric vehicle batteries is not growing as fast as before because new types of batteries that don't need cobalt are becoming more popular.
Congo wants to use its control over cobalt to manage the market better, but they need to be careful not to cause too much disruption.
Congo, the world's largest cobalt supplier, has implemented export controls, first with a ban and then a quota system.
The export restrictions have led to a significant increase in cobalt prices, with CME spot cobalt metal rising from $10 to $26 per lb since February.
Chinese imports of cobalt from Congo have fallen sharply, causing concerns about inventory depletion and potential supply chain disruptions.
The demand for cobalt in electric vehicle batteries is declining as new battery chemistries that don't require cobalt gain popularity.
Congo aims to use its control over cobalt production to manage the market and reduce price volatility, but the current export controls risk causing a supply shock.
- Who
- Democratic Republic of Congo, global cobalt market, Chinese battery manufacturers, automakers
- What
- Congo's cobalt export controls and their impact on the global market
- When
- Export ban since February, quota system announced in October
- Where
- Democratic Republic of Congo, China, global electric vehicle battery market
- Why
- Congo aims to control the cobalt market and manage supply to benefit its people and users, but risks causing a supply shock
- Country
- Democratic Republic of Congo
- Global cobalt production share
- 70%
- Chinese cobalt imports (June-Sept)
- 50,000 metric tons
- Congo's export quotas
- Half of previous shipping levels
- LFP battery market share (2024)
- 48%
- LFP battery market share (2029 forecast)
- 65%