Archive · 14 Nov 2025
Passing Star May Have Caused Comet Storm on Early Earth, Study Suggests
Imagine our solar system has a big, icy halo way, way out there called the Oort Cloud, full of comets.
Millions of years ago, a star passed by our solar system, but it was very far away.
This passing star was like a gentle nudge to the giant halo of comets.
Even though it was far, its gravity was strong enough to push some of these comets out of their homes in the Oort Cloud.
These comets then started traveling towards the inner part of our solar system, including Earth.
Scientists think this could have caused a big meteor shower, like a rain of shooting stars, that might have affected life and even the climate on Earth when humans were just starting to appear.
A passing star, HD7977, approximately 2.5 million years ago, is hypothesized to have disturbed the Oort Cloud.
This disturbance could have sent a shower of comets towards Earth during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition.
The event may have significantly impacted terrestrial life and environmental changes on early Earth.
The Oort Cloud is a theoretical region at the solar system's edge, believed to contain numerous comets.
The study proposes a link between the star's flyby, increased comet flux, and Earth's climate shifts.
- Who
- Scientists, including Avi Loeb, Zhuoya Cao, and Morgan MacLeod
- What
- Proposed that a passing star (HD7977) rattled the Oort Cloud, sending comets towards Earth, potentially impacting early life and climate.
- When
- Approximately 2.5 million years ago, during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition.
- Where
- Outer reaches of the Solar System (Oort Cloud) and Earth.
- Why
- The gravitational influence of the passing star HD7977 on the Oort Cloud is hypothesized to have triggered a significant comet shower on Earth, possibly related to environmental changes during that era.
- Hypothesized Event Time
- Approximately 2.5 million years ago
- Triggering Object
- Passing star HD7977
- Region Affected
- Oort Cloud
- Consequence
- Comets rained down on Earth
- Proposed Study Publication
- Nature journal
- Oort Cloud Definition
- Hypothetical region at the outskirts of the solar system, 2,000 to 100,000 AU from the Sun